Diel vertical distribution of early marine phase juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and behaviour when exposed to salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)

نویسنده

  • S. Tang
چکیده

We observed diel vertical migration patterns in juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum, 1792)) and tested the hypothesis that fish behaviour is altered by exposure to sea lice copepodids. Experiments involved replicated field deployments of a large (9 m) plankton column, which provided a vertical distribution enclosure under natural light and salinity conditions. Diel vertical distributions of juvenile pink salmon were observed during the first 3 weeks of seawater acclimation in both the presence and the absence of the ectoparasitic salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1838)). Immediately upon entering seawater, juvenile pink salmon preferred the top 1 m of the water column, but they moved significantly deeper down the vertical water column as seawater acclimation time increased. A significant diel migration pattern was observed, which involved a preference for the surface at night-time, compared with daytime. When fish in the column were exposed to L. salmonis copepodids for 3 h, 43%–62% of fish became infected, fish expanded their vertical distribution range, and significant changes in vertical distribution patterns were observed. Résumé : Nous avons observé les patrons de migration verticale journalière de jeunes saumons roses (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum, 1792)) et vérifié l’hypothèse selon laquelle le comportement des poissons est modifié par l’exposition aux copépodites des poux de mer. Nos expériences comprenaient la mise en place en nature de deux grandes (9 m) colonnes à plancton qui fournissaient des enclos pour une étude réitérée de la répartition verticale dans des conditions naturelles de lumière et de salinité. Nous avons observé la répartition verticale journalière des jeunes saumons roses durant leurs trois premières semaines d’acclimatation à l’eau de mer à la fois en présence et en l’absence de poux de mer parasites (Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1838)). Immédiatement après leur entrée en eau de mer, les jeunes saumons roses préfèrent le premier mètre supérieur de la colonne d’eau, mais ils se déplacent vers des profondeurs significativement plus grandes à mesure que s’accumule leur temps d’acclimatation. On observe un patron significatif de migration journalière, avec une préférence pour la surface durant la nuit, par comparaison avec le jour. Lorsque les poissons dans la colonne sont exposés à L. salmonis pendant 3 h, 43 % – 62 % des poissons deviennent infectés, les poissons accroissent la portée de leur migration verticale et il se produit des changements significatifs dans les patrons de répartition verticale. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2011